League strength
Competitive balance is used to calculate the uncertainty of outcome. We use this per league, as some leagues are dominated by a few clubs.
Home advantage coefficient
Home advantage reflects how difficult it is for away teams to compete in a given league. As you can see, teams in Germany benefit more from playing at home and the competitive environment is shaped more heavily by venue effects.
| country | Played | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Germany | 27 | 14 (51,85%) | 5 (18,51%) | 8 (29,62%) |
| Spain | 55 | 25 (45,45%) | 14 (25,45%) | 16 (29,09%) |
| Turkey | 45 | 20 (44,44%) | 9 (20,00%) | 16 (35,55%) |
| Italy | 40 | 17 (42,50%) | 6 (15,00%) | 17 (42,50%) |
| Portugal | 53 | 22 (41,50%) | 14 (26,41%) | 17 (32,07%) |
| England | 40 | 13 (32,50%) | 14 (35,00%) | 13 (32,50%) |
| France | 36 | 10 (27,77%) | 13 (36,11%) | 13 (36,11%) |
| Holland | 54 | 15 (27,77%) | 14 (25,92%) | 25 (46,29%) |
Average goals per match
Average goals per match is a direct measure of how tight or open a league is, making it a simple but powerful competitive balance indicator (When goals are scarce, matches are tighter and small differences matter more). In Holland most goals are scored on average.
| country | Played | Total scored | Avg scored | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Holland | 54 | 213 | 3,94 | 92 (43,19%) | 121 (56,80%) |
| Germany | 27 | 104 | 3,85 | 64 (61,53%) | 40 (38,46%) |
| Italy | 40 | 121 | 3,02 | 59 (48,76%) | 62 (51,23%) |
| Spain | 55 | 166 | 3,01 | 92 (55,42%) | 74 (44,57%) |
| Turkey | 45 | 130 | 2,88 | 72 (55,38%) | 58 (44,61%) |
| England | 40 | 114 | 2,85 | 59 (51,75%) | 55 (48,24%) |
| Portugal | 53 | 148 | 2,79 | 73 (49,32%) | 75 (50,67%) |
| France | 36 | 99 | 2,75 | 50 (50,50%) | 49 (49,49%) |