League strength
Competitive balance is used to calculate the uncertainty of outcome. We use this per league, as some leagues are dominated by a few clubs.
Home advantage coefficient
Home advantage reflects how difficult it is for away teams to compete in a given league. As you can see, teams in Germany benefit more from playing at home and the competitive environment is shaped more heavily by venue effects.
| country | Played | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Germany | 54 | 28(51,85%) | 11 (20,37%) | 15 (27,77%) |
| Turkey | 72 | 35(48,61%) | 14 (19,44%) | 23 (31,94%) |
| Italy | 70 | 33(47,14%) | 12 (17,14%) | 25 (35,71%) |
| France | 63 | 28(44,44%) | 15 (23,80%) | 20 (31,74%) |
| Spain | 88 | 38(43,18%) | 25 (28,40%) | 25 (28,40%) |
| England | 70 | 28(40,00%) | 20 (28,57%) | 22 (31,42%) |
| Portugal | 72 | 28(38,88%) | 18 (25,00%) | 26 (36,11%) |
| Holland | 81 | 26(32,09%) | 23 (28,39%) | 32 (39,50%) |
Average goals per match
Average goals per match is a direct measure of how tight or open a league is, making it a simple but powerful competitive balance indicator (When goals are scarce, matches are tighter and small differences matter more). In Holland most goals are scored on average.
| country | Played | Total scored | Avg scored | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Holland | 81 | 311 | 3,83 | 146 (46,94%) | 165 (53,05%) |
| Germany | 54 | 199 | 3,68 | 123 (61,80%) | 76 (38,19%) |
| Spain | 88 | 270 | 3,06 | 151 (55,92%) | 119 (44,07%) |
| France | 63 | 192 | 3,04 | 103 (53,64%) | 89 (46,35%) |
| Italy | 70 | 207 | 2,95 | 109 (52,65%) | 98 (47,34%) |
| England | 70 | 203 | 2,90 | 113 (55,66%) | 90 (44,33%) |
| Turkey | 72 | 208 | 2,88 | 121 (58,17%) | 87 (41,82%) |
| Portugal | 72 | 198 | 2,75 | 94 (47,47%) | 104 (52,52%) |