League strength


Competitive balance is used to calculate the uncertainty of outcome. We use this per league, as some leagues are dominated by a few clubs.

Home advantage coefficient


Home advantage reflects how difficult it is for away teams to compete in a given league. As you can see, teams in Spain benefit more from playing at home and the competitive environment is shaped more heavily by venue effects.
country Played
Spain370179 (48,37%)91 (24,59%)100 (27,02%)
France305141 (46,22%)74 (24,26%)90 (29,50%)
Holland306136 (44,44%)80 (26,14%)90 (29,41%)
Germany306134 (43,79%)75 (24,50%)97 (31,69%)
England370158 (42,70%)101 (27,29%)111 (30,00%)
Portugal306126 (41,17%)83 (27,12%)97 (31,69%)
Italy373145 (38,87%)98 (26,27%)130 (34,85%)
Turkey00 (0,00%)0 (0,00%)0 (0,00%)

Average goals per match


Average goals per match is a direct measure of how tight or open a league is, making it a simple but powerful competitive balance indicator (When goals are scarce, matches are tighter and small differences matter more). In England most goals are scored on average.
country Played Total scored Avg scored
England37000,000 (0,00%)0 (0,00%)
France30500,000 (0,00%)0 (0,00%)
Germany30600,000 (0,00%)0 (0,00%)
Holland30600,000 (0,00%)0 (0,00%)
Italy37300,000 (0,00%)0 (0,00%)
Portugal30600,000 (0,00%)0 (0,00%)
Spain37000,000 (0,00%)0 (0,00%)
Turkey000,000 (0,00%)0 (0,00%)

Home audience advantage

country Played Total audience Average per game
Spain370000000
France305000000
Holland306000000
Germany306000000
England370000000
Portugal306000000
Italy373000000
Turkey0000000